
Apres presque 9 mois de voyage, mon periple touche a sa fin... Mon budget commence d'ailleurs a se
faire dangereusement bas... Resultat, je n'ai plus les moyens de faire ce que j'avais prevu avant mon départ, soit la traversee de l'Amerique Centrale jusqu'au Mexique... Au lieu de
cela, je dois aller directement au Mexique d'ou je prendrai mon vol retour... Mais quand j'apprends que c'est le meme prix d'aller directement de Colombie au Mexique que de
passer par Cuba, pas une seule hesitation, je fonce!!!
C'est donc la fleur au fusil que je pars a Cuba...sans rien, ni guide, ni infos supplementaires et commettant l'erreur de penser qu'apres 9 mois en Amerique latine, je n'ai plus
besoin d'aide exterieure pour me debrouiller surtout venant de guides qui donnent les adresses ou je suis sur de me retrouver avec tous les touristes... Je me rendrai vite
compte que c'etait bien presomptueux de ma part de penser une telle chose d'autant plus que non seulement Cuba est tres different de tous les autres pays d'Amerique du Sud mais surtout que ce
pays est un monde totalement a part compare a tout ce que j'ai connu auparavant...
Qu'a cela ne tienne, me voila a la Habana, ville vue et revue mille fois dans de nombreux films et documentaires qui ne manquent pas de montrer a chaque fois son atmosphere des annees 60, son
architecture coloniale, ses belles americaines (je parle de voitures...), son enorme capitole (qui en rappelle etrangement un autre), ses vieux habaneros qui, fumant le cigare a
l'ombre d'un palmier, observent la ville tourner a plein regime ou jouent tranquillement aux echecs...sans parler du doux son melodieux venant d'un café ou d'un bar diffusant son cubano
et buena vista social club...

Cuba ne restera donc pas parmi mes meilleurs souvenirs mais je pense que c'est essentiellement du au peu de temps de mon sejour
dans l'ile et au fait que je suis reste dans des lieux trop touristiques... Mon escapade dans le centre du pays dans la region idyllique de Cienfuegos ou de la Trinidad me
permettra de sortir de la Havane et de decouvrir un autre Cuba; De ces quelques jours dans cette region resteront dans mes souvenirs ces autoroutes vides (la voiture restant un luxe pour la
majorite des cubains), la rencontre de deux boliviennes etudiant la medecine (comme beaucoup d'autres sud americains pour qui Cuba reste la Mecque de la discipline) et qui me conteront
notamment qu'elles ne voulaient plus avoir de petits amis cubains car ces derniers toujours trop interesses...L'une d'entre elle ayant quand meme été chargée par son ex petit ami de lui
ramener un velo de Bolivie...
et enfin cette petite anecdote qui illustre bien la difficulte de la situation economique actuelle : je me mets a en rechercher un jour du dentifrice et une brosse a dent a Cienfuegos... Et
la, quelle ne fut pas ma surprise de constater qu'il etait totalement impossible de trouver ces articles (quand meme assez basiques) : apres 3 heures de marche et une trentaine de boutique
faites, oh miracle!!! il reste 3 brosses a dent et quelques dentifrices dans le plus grand magasin de Cienfuegos (150 000 habitants quand meme)...
Encore une fois, et comme le montrent les derniers evenements politiques qui s'y sont deroules ces dernieres semaines, le
pays est en train de changer et je suis plein d'espoir pour tous les gens adorables que j'ai pu rencontrer la bas et qui, malgré mes quelques mesaventures, me donnent envie de repartir dans ce
pays si beau.
Cuba libre or almost…..
___________________________________________________________________________
After nearly 9 months travelling, my journey nears its end… My budget is starting to get dangerously low… The result being that I haven’t got the means to do what I had initially intended, i.e. crossing Central America up to Mexico…. Instead, I have to go directly to Mexico where I take my flight back home… But, when I hear that it’s going to cost me the same price to go directly from Colombia to Mexico than to stop over in Cuba, not a moment’s hesitation, I go right ahead!!!!
So it’s without a care in the world that I head towards Cuba… with nothing, no travel guide, no additional information, making the mistake of thinking that after 9 months in South America, I don’t need any guides to get about on my own, especially as regards addresses all tourists rush to in mass…. I will very quickly realize that it was rather presumptuous of me, all the more as Cuba is not only very different from all the other South American countries but above all is a world totally apart compared to everything I have experienced before…
Never mind ! Here I am in La Habana, the city one has seen over and over again in so many films and documentaries which never fail to show its surrealist 60’s atmosphere, its colonial architecture, its beautiful Americans (I mean cars..), its huge capitol (which strangely reminds us of another one), its old Habaneros who, while smoking a cigar under the shade of a palm tree, watch the city moving or peacefully play chess… not forgetting the soft melodious sound of a radio airing its cubano and Buena vista social club…
All these clichés, even though they represent part of what I will see, are nevertheless only a superficial vision of reality.
Indeed, in spite of the words of propaganda, “Vamos bien”, one should also add : a majority of the city’s buildings (and sometimes genuine palaces) in a state of advanced ruin, dirty and unkept streets, alarming prostitution and recurrent swindling.
In spite of the 9 months travelling I can be credited for, I will be swindled (for the first time) like the most naïve of tourists…I’m not really proud of this episode first for my naivety and second because I could have avoided this a thousand times if only I had read any kind of tourist guide…But all the same I will tell about it so that it doesn’t happen to others. However, first, I must make a little parenthesis about the Cuban monetary system : in Cuba there are 2 currencies in circulation : one is the peso cubano and the other, introduced in 2005, is the convertible peso cubano (worth about 1$ and 24 pesos cubanos)…It’s my first day in Havana…I’m walking around in this legendary city. After several hours, I sit on a bench opposite the Museum of the Revolution… In spite of the rain, it’s very hot… I take a break while watching the charming plaza in front of me…A Cuban, about 30, passes, looks at me and stops; he asks me where I come from and what I am doing here. We begin chatting; football, Zidane are, as often, the first topics of conversation. Very quickly, he also tells me about the problems of Cuba, that the situation is really difficult for most Cubans, that if you don’t have 2 or 3 jobs at the same time, life is complicated here… Anyway he seems rather nice. I tell him about my wish to bring back cigars for my friends in France but that the prices in shops (for tourists) are about the same as in Europe. So he takes me to friends of his who smuggle Monte Christos… Real or not, difficult to say considering my lack of knowledge in this domain, but the price helps me to take my decision…
My “new friend” then suggests that we go and have a drink which I accept with pleasure.
While drinking a “pina colada”, he explains that he is a gym teacher at a school but that it isn’t sufficient to live with. Then we change subject… He wants to explain the currency system in Cuba. I tell him I already know about it but he insists… And indeed he tells methat apart from the peso cubano and the convertible peso cubano there exists a third currency : the “chavito”, this currency being Castro’s invention and a sort of further means of swindling foreigners in Cuba…In exchange for a convertible peso, the Cubans and only them, can obtain 1,25 chavito…a chavito having the same value as a convertible peso..
In short, a) 1 convertible peso = 1,25 chavito when the exchange is done by Cubans in a exchange bureau
b) foreigners don’t have access to the chavito
c) 1 chavito = 1 convertible peso in shops
So the calculation is quickly made : it’s worth while giving my convertible pesos to such a considerate friend so that he can change them into chavitos, this will multiply my budget by 1,25.
What follows is standard : we go to an exchange bureau where I wait for him outside; he changes my convertible pesos (fortunately I will only give him a quarter of what I had, but nevertheless….) then discreetly gives me my well earned chavitos…and then under the excuse of having to go home for whatever reason, disappears…Not even 20 seconds later, I realize I have been taken for a ride. More than for the amount in itself (which is however not negligible), I am in a fit of rage for having been such an easy sucker…the chavitos he has given me are in fact pesos cubanos…which, as a reminder, are worth 1/24th of the convertible pesos I had given him.
As exaggerated and unbelievable this story may seem today, I was taken in mainly by two things : the trust I had in this guy and the absolute belief that the Cuban government does everything to get tourists to spend a maximum (the latter being not necessarily false).
Conclusion and end of this little parenthesis : if you ever go to Cuba, read you travel guide and don’t ever change money in the street or in an exchange bureau through someone else…
So, let’s get back to Havana. During my short visit, I stayed at Rolando’s, a man in his fifties. My stay with him is not cheap (25$ per night….i.e. the most expensive I ever paid during my whole journey) but 1) I don’t really have the choice as for foreigners, apart from the luxury downtown hotels (at 80$ per night) overrun with tourists from all over the world, there are only B&B’s and they aren’t cheap. 2) I don’t regret staying with him as, apart from being a very nice man, I will learn a lot from him about Cuba.
First, that medicine doesn’t pay in Cuba…A doctor earns between 20 and 30 $ per month, so better change to something else, as he did, renting out rooms, which means 20 to 30 $ per day…
As you probably know, it is forbidden for Cubans to leave Cuba. To leave the country, there are 3 solutions : the first one is to marry a foreigner but apparently the paper work takes10 years so better be patient; the second one is to have a profession that allows you to travel (but with the obligation to come back of course). For example, as a doctor, Rolando had the opportunity to go to Tanzania during its socialist experience ; finally, the last one : dozens of Cubans risk their lives each day trying to reach the American coast which is so near…
In Cuba it’s very difficult, not to say next to impossible to buy a house or a car…What’s possible on the other hand is to swap, as Rolando did : his previous house in perfect condition for a much bigger but dilapidated flat…that he renovated himself to make it into a B&B…rather a good calculation in the end…
In Cuba, impossible (at least up till very recently due to recent changes) to buy a computer or to have access to the internet if not required by your profession… In Cuba, impossible to have a cell phone, the only means is to buy this right from a foreigner with a cell phone. In Cuba, it is forbidden for Cubans to go to hotels for tourists (but this has also changed since Raul’s accession to power)…
It is also forbidden for a Cuban from Santiago de Cuba (in the South) to be
in Havana if he doesn’t have a written authorization…
It’s difficult to give an exhaustive list of all these bans as there are so many…
It’s quite simple, Rolando one day tells me that to understand Cuba, you must know that absurdity is the key-word..
And what about Castro ?? Rolando has never seen him… more than a legend, he appears to be a myth… Nobody knows where he lives, nobody knows what he does, nobody knows where he is, in short, nobody knows much about him apart from the myth which has been created… This week, the election for members of parliament is taking place…there is a large choice : the communist party, the communist party or the communist party… everything is supervised at each street corner by the CDR (committee for the defence of the revolution)
And when I ask my host what he thinks about the future (and we are only in January 2008, i.e. one month before the official resignation of Fidel), he tells me he thinks that Raul will be very soon led to rule the country, alone this time.., that with him, reforms are possible…that these reforms are crucial for the survival not only of the regime but of the whole country which for years has been undergoing the American embargo. He adds that he doesn’t think there will be a radical change from one day to the other and that moreover a too violent, too rapid change could be disastrous for the Cuban economy. And what’s more, of the present regime all isn’t necessarily to be thrown away : with a free health system (one of the best in the world), free education (the rate of illiteracy is next to 0), transport and food but also culture aids ( for example very cheap prices for theatre), the system has its good sides and it would be a shame to eliminate everything.
Every day, I will spend 1 to 2 hours discussing with him and, I must say, it was fascinating discovering the country from the inside… Apart from Rolando, I will also be lucky in meeting Juan Lazaro Besada Toledo : Esperantist, doctor in theology, writer and poet in his spare time…I had indeed met in Cali (Colombia), Rafael, also an Esperantist, who had put me up several nights and entrusted me with a book for Juan…Juan is a fascinating person and I only wish I had had more time to talk with him while sitting in one of his rocking chairs…Before I leave, he will insist on offering me his last book “Desde mi paramo”.
On the last day, a few hours before my flight for Mexico, I meet Alienski (yes, communism has left its mark right up to names), a young computer science teacher in one of Havana’s universities. Once again, I’m a little sad to meet him only on my last day as he really seems cool.
Once again I will learn a lot in very little time but I can’t help feeling really disappointed when leaving Cuba for having lost so much time in meeting the wrong type of people, and having finally spent so little time with all those other Cubans, open, cultured and fascinating …
Thus Cuba will not remain as one of my best memories but I think it is essentially due to the shortness of my stay and to the fact that I kept too much to tourist areas…My escapade to the centre of the country with the dreamlike scenery of Cienfuegos or La Trinidad enabled me to leave Havana and to discover another Cuba. Of the few days in this region I will keep in memory these empty highways (cars still being a luxury for most Cubans), my meeting with two Bolivian medical students (like many other South Americans for whom Cuba is still the Mecca in this domain) who will tell me in particular that they didn’t want to have Cuban boyfriends anymore as they are too self-interested…One of them was in fact asked by her ex-boyfriend to bring him back a bicycle from Bolivia…And finally this funny little anecdote which shows the difficulty of the economic situation : looking for a toothbrush and toothpaste in Cienfuegos, I’m astonished to find that it’s impossible to find these items (which are after all really quite basic). After a 3 hours walk and about 30 shops visited, oh! Miracle!!! In the biggest store of Cienfuegos (150 000 inhabitants !!) there are 3 toothbrushes left and a few toothpastes….
Once again, as the latest political events which have taken place in the past few weeks, in the past few months, show, the country is undergoing a change and I’m full of hope for the wonderful people I met there, who, in spite of my little misadventures, make me want to go back to this so beautiful country.
Bises de Californie.